| 词条 | Citrine wagtail | |||||
| 释义 |
| image = Citrine Wagtail (Motacilla citreola)- Breeding Male of calcarata race at Bharatpur I IMG 5752.jpg |image_caption = Male Weigold's citrine wagtail (M. c. calcarata) in breeding plumage Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur (Rajasthan, India) | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Motacilla citreola | authority = (Pallas, 1776) | synonyms =Budytes citreola (Pallas, 1776) | range_map = MotacillaCitreolaIUCNver2019 1.png | range_map_caption = Range of M. citreola{{leftlegend|#00FF00|Breeding|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#008000|Resident|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#007FFF|Non-breeding|outline=gray}} }} The citrine wagtail (Motacilla citreola) is a small songbird in the family Motacillidae. EtymologyThe term citrine refers to its yellowish colouration. TaxonomyIts systematics, phylogeny and taxonomy are subject of considerable debate in the early 21st century. This is because this bird forms a cryptic species complex with the eastern (M. tschutschensis ) and western yellow wagtail (M. flava). Which of the many taxa in this group should properly refer to which population is unlikely to be resolved in the immediate future.[2] Motacilla is the Latin name for the pied wagtail; although actually a diminutive of motare, " to move about", from medieval times it led to the misunderstanding of cilla as "tail". The specific citreola is Latin for "lemon yellow".[2]DescriptionIt is a slender, 15.5–17 cm long bird, with the long, constantly wagging tail characteristic of the genus Motacilla. The adult male in breeding plumage is basically grey or black above, with white on the remiges, and bright yellow below and on the entire head except for the black nape. In winter plumage, its yellow underparts may be diluted by white, and the head is brownish with a yellowish supercilium. Females look generally like washed-out versions of males in winter plumage. DistributionThis species breeds in north central Asia in wet meadows and tundra. It migrates in winter to South Asia, often to highland areas. Its range is expanding westwards, and it is a rare but increasing vagrant to western Europe. Vagrants seem to extend the migration rather than straying en route; in Bhutan for example, though along one of the species' migration flyways, the citrine wagtail has been recorded as an extremely rare passer-by rather than staying even for a few days or weeks. EcologyIt is an insectivorous bird of open country near water, such as wet meadows and bogs, and nests on the ground, laying 4–5 speckled eggs. References{{Commons-inline|Motacilla citreola}}1. ^{{IUCN|id=22718379 |title=Motacilla citreola |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} [3]2. ^{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A. | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London, United Kingdom | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages = 109, 261 }} 3. ^1 {{cite journal|author=Voelker, Gary |year=2002|title= Systematics and historical biogeography of wagtails: Dispersal versus vicariance revisited|journal=Condor|volume=104|issue=4|pages=725–739|doi=10.1650/0010-5422(2002)104[0725:SAHBOW]2.0.CO;2|url=http://www.cooper.org/COS/104_4/104_4abs02.pdf|jstor=1370694}} }}{{Taxonbar|from=Q206540}} 4 : Motacilla|Pipits and wagtails|Birds of Eurasia|Birds described in 1776 |
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