| 词条 | Douglas Shearer |
| 释义 |
| name = Douglas Shearer | birth_date = {{Birth date|mf=yes|1899|11|17}} | birth_place = Westmount, Quebec, Canada | death_date = {{Death date and age|mf=yes|1971|1|5|1899|11|17}} | death_place = Culver City, California, U.S. | occupation = Sound designer, sound director | years_active = 1928–1968 | spouse = {{marriage|Marion B. Tilden |September 1922|6 June 1931|end=died}} Ann Cunningham ({{abbr|m.|married}} 1932; {{abbr|d.|died}} ??) {{marriage|Avice Curry |1968}} | children = 2 | relatives = Norma Shearer (sister) Athole Shearer (sister) Cresswell Shearer (uncle) }} Douglas G. Shearer (November 17, 1899 – January 5, 1971) was a Canadian American pioneering sound designer and recording director who played a key role in the advancement of sound technology for motion pictures. He won seven Academy Awards for his work. In 2008, he was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame. Early life and careerShearer was born in Westmount, Quebec, to a prominent family, but his family fell on hard times after his father's business failed, which ultimately led to his parents' separation. Douglas remained with his father in Montreal while his two younger sisters, Norma Shearer (the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer star) and Athole Shearer (also a Hollywood actress and former wife of director Howard Hawks), moved to the United States—to New York City—with their mother, Edith.[1] Unable to afford a university education, Douglas Shearer left school and began working in a variety of jobs. In 1924, he traveled to Hollywood, California, to visit his mother and sisters, who had moved there a few years earlier. He decided to remain there too, finding a job at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, where Norma was already under contract. At MGM, working as an assistant in the studio's camera department, he pursued an interest in adding sound to film.[2] That interest led to a career that spanned more than four decades in motion pictures. Douglas became a significant inventor and innovator in sound technology, with one of his many contributions being a system he developed that eliminated unwanted background noise. Over his long career, Shearer was nominated twenty-one times for Academy Awards, winning seven Oscars for Sound and Special Effects. He is credited as recording director in most of the films that MGM produced between 1930 and 1953. He was appointed the studio's director of technical research in 1955; and by the time he retired in 1968 Shearer had won an additional seven Scientific or Technical Academy Awards. In summing up his career, The Film Encyclopedia by Ephraim Katz (2001) states that "during his more than 40 years with MGM he contributed more than any other man in Hollywood to the perfection of motion picture sound."[2] Personal lifeShearer married Marion B. Tilden in Montreal in September 1922. She died on June 6, 1931, and the following year he married Ann Cunningham in California. In its October 4, 1932 issue, the trade paper The Film Daily announced that "Douglas Shearer, head of the M-G-M sound department...has returned [to Hollywood] from an 'aerial honeymoon' with his bride, formerly Ann Cunningham, also of the studio staff."[3] The couple had two sons, Mark and Stephen. Later he married Avice Curry.[4] DeathShearer died in Culver City, California, in 1971. Awards and nominationsScientific and Technical Academy Award
See also
References1. ^"Douglas Shearer", biographical profile, Turner Classic Movies (TCM), Turner Broadcasting System, a subsidiary of Time Warner, Inc. New York, N.Y. Retrieved August 24, 2018. 2. ^1 Katz, Ephraim (2001). The Film Encyclopedia, fourth edition revised by Fred Klein and Ronald Dean Nolan. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., 2001, p. 1247. {{ISBN|0-06-273755-4}}. 3. ^Wilk, Ralph (1932). [https://archive.org/stream/filmdailyvolume660newy#page/570 "A Little from 'Lots'"], The Film Daily, October 4, 1932, page 7, column 2. Internet Archive, San Francisco, California. Retrieved August 24, 2018. 4. ^{{IMDb name|0790428}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1931 |title=The 3rd Academy Awards (1929/30) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-05|work=oscars.org}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1936 |title=The 8th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-07|work=oscars.org}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1937 |title=The 9th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-08|work=oscars.org}} 8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1941 |title=The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-12|work=oscars.org}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1952 |title=The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-20|work=oscars.org}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1945 |title=The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2013-06-23 |work=oscars.org}} 11. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1948 |title=The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-18|work=oscars.org}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1935 |title=The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-07|work=oscars.org}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1938 |title=The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-09|work=oscars.org}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1939 |title=The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-10|work=oscars.org}} 15. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1940 |title=The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-11|work=oscars.org}} 16. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1942 |title=The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-13|work=oscars.org}} 17. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1943 |title=The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-14|work=oscars.org}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944 |title=The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-14|work=oscars.org}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1946 |title=The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=2011-08-16|work=oscars.org}} External links
14 : 1899 births|1971 deaths|Acoustical engineers|American people of Canadian descent|Anglophone Quebec people|Best Sound Mixing Academy Award winners|Best Visual Effects Academy Award winners|Canadian audio engineers|Film sound production|Musicians from Quebec|Musicians from New York City|People from Westmount, Quebec|20th-century Canadian musicians|Recipients of the Scientific and Technical Academy Award of Merit |
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