“ACE Aviation Holdings”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

ACE Aviation Holdings Inc. is a Canadian holding company that is the former parent company of Air Canada. It is headquartered in Montreal.

History

ACE Aviation Holdings was created as Air Canada emerged from bankruptcy in 2004;^[3]{{Sfn|Winnick|2009|p=9}} By the end of 2005, ACE completed restructuring and achieved reduced costs through outsourcing, automation and process simplification.{{Sfn|Gomez|2016|p=|pp=41–42}} One of the more significant changes was the merging of its six small airlines into Air Canada and Air Canada Jazz. ACE was not only a solution to Air Canada's bankruptcy, but also a strategic move by Robert Milton to create a portfolio of independent air transportation services companies out of what was Air Canada.^[4]

Among the companies in addition to Air Canada which was taken public after formation of ACE was the frequent flyer program Aeroplan.{{Sfn|Zook|2007|p=75}} Aeroplan's initial public offering valued the company at {{US$|2 billion}}, which was several times the valuation of the airline itself.{{Sfn|Zook|2007|p=75}}

In 2005, ACE contributed {{US$|75 million}} in equity investment to the merger of America West Holdings and US Airways Group, which resulted in US Airways emerging from its second bankruptcy.{{Sfn|Subcommittee on Aviation|2006|p=57}}

In 2008, ACE completed its divestment of Aeroplan and Air Canada's regional airline affiliate, Jazz.^[5] After these divestments, ACE retained a 75% stake in Air Canada and a 23% stake in Air Canada Technical Services.^[5]

The company planned a wind up and distribute its assets back to its shareholders by no earlier than mid-2013. While most of the core aviation assets have been disposed of the corporate website continues to operate until all assets are fully disposed of. The company no longer has a board and executive with all liquidation being managed by outside party Ernst and Young and ACE Holdings maintains a head office at Tour CIBC in downtown Montreal. {{As of|2018}}, the corporate website states that ACE holdings consisted of only cash and short-term instruments amounting to a total of {{US$|132 million}} in August 2013.^[6]

Former operating divisions

References

1. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.aceaviation.com/en/contact/index.html |title=Get in Touch |publisher=ACE Aviation |last= |date= |access-date=15 June 2018 }}{{self-published source|date=June 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://zenobank.com/index.php?symbol=CA;ACE.A&page=quotesearch |title=Company Profile for ACE Aviation Holdings Inc (CA;ACE.A) |accessdate=2008-10-06}}{{dead link|date=June 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}
3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Wexler|first=Emily|date=May 2012|title=Going Glam At 75|url=https://archive.org/stream/Strategy_Magazine-2012-05#page/n35/mode/2up|journal=Strategy|publisher=Brunico Communications|volume=23|issue=5|page=40|pages=|issn=1187-4309|via=Internet Archive}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.iata.org/events/agm/2011/Pages/ceoforum-robertmilton.aspx|title=Robert Milton|last=|first=|date=2012|website=AGM 2011|publisher=IATA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314054708/http://www.iata.org/events/agm/2011/Pages/ceoforum-robertmilton.aspx|archive-date=14 March 2012|dead-url=|access-date=}}
5. ^¹{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/aceaviation-sales/update-1-ace-sells-remaining-stakes-in-aeroplan-jazz-air-idUSN2844917420080528|title=UPDATE 1-ACE sells remaining stakes in Aeroplan, Jazz Air|last=|first=|date=28 May 2008|work=|access-date=15 June 2018|agency=Reuters}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.aceaviation.com/en/about/index.html|title=ACE Aviation Holdings Overview|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=ACE Aviation|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=15 June 2018}}{{self-published source|date=June 2018}}

Sources

{{Cite report|url=https://archive.org/stream/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-109shrg65069/CHRG-109shrg65069|title=Reviewing the Department of Transportation's Notice of Proposed Rulemaking That Clarifies the Rules Regarding Foreign Investment in U.S. Air Carriers|last=Subcommittee on Aviation|first=Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation United States Senate|date=9 May 2006|issue=S. HRG. 109-1124|doi=|volume=|pmid=|access-date=15 June 2018|ref=harv|via=Internet Archive}}
{{Cite book|title=Ethics, Psyche and Social Responsibility|last=Gomez|first=Ana Maria Davila|publisher=CRC Press|year=2016|isbn=9781317141044|editor-last=Crowther|editor-first=David|series=Corporate Social Responsibility Series|location=|pages=|oclc=1027158217|quote=The firm was restructured into ACE Aviation Holdings, starting as of April 1{{sup|st}} 2003 after 18 months under CCAA creditor protection....|via=Google Books|ref=harv}}
{{Cite book|title=Plunkett's Airline, Hotel & Travel Industry Almanac 2008|last=|first=|publisher=Plunkett Research, Ltd.|year=2007|isbn=9781593920937|editor-last=Plunkett|editor-first=Jack W.|series=Plunkett's Airline, Hotel & Travel Industry Almanac|location=Houston, Texas|pages=|oclc=884012692|ref=harv|via=Google Books}}
{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/economy0000winn|title=Economy|last=|first=|publisher=Weigl Educational Publishers Limited|year=2009|isbn=|editor-last=Winnick|editor-first=Nick|series=Canada. Past, present, future.|location=Calgary, Alberta, Canada|pages=|oclc=1040000402|quote=Canada's largest airline, Air Canada, filed for bankruptcy protection in 2003. .... After 18 months, Air Canada emerged from bankruptcy protection, under the new ownership of ACE Aviation Holdings.|ref=harv|url-access=registration|via=Internet Archive}}
{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/unstoppablefindi00zook|title=unstoppable: Finding Hidden Assets to Renew the Core and Fuel Profitable Growth|last=Zook|first=Chris|publisher=Harvard Business School Press|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4221-0366-1|location=Boston|pages=|oclc=939112546|author-link=Chris Zook|url-access=registration}}