| 词条 | Jacobabad |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Jacobabad |native_name = آباد جيڪب |settlement_type = City |image_skyline = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Sindh |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Sindh |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Pakistan |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Sindh |subdivision_type2 = District |subdivision_name2 = Jacobabad District |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Founded |established_date = 1847 |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = PST |utc_offset = +5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|28|16|37|N|68|27|05|E|region:PK|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Jacobabad (Sindhi and {{lang-ur|جيڪب آباد}}) is a city in Sindh, Pakistan, serving as both the capital city of Jacobabad District and the administrative centre of Jacobabad Taluka, an administrative subdivision of the district. The city itself is subdivided into 8 Union Councils. Sitting close to the provincial boundaries of Sindh and Balochistan, Jacobabad became a city on the site of an existing village (Khangarh), and is crossed by the Pakistan Railway and many main roads of the province. EtymologyThe translation of Jacobabad from Urdu to English is known as the City of Jacob, after John Jacob, an East India Company officer (1812–1858) and engineer, from the original Khangarh Village of Khan. HistoryDuring British rule, as part of British Raj, the town was the administrative headquarters of the Upper Sind Frontier District of the Bombay Presidency; with a station on the Quetta branch of the North-Western Railway. After the British Raj the city was reigned with a Sardar, Taj Dero Khan Odho. The city also became well known for consistently having the highest temperature in South Asia, and has a mean summer average of 98 °F (37 °C).[2] In November 2010, former Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani announced that University of Information Technology would be established in Jacobabad.[3] Twenty-two Shiites were killed in by a suicide bomber in October 2015.[4] Religion
ClimateJacobabad has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with extremely hot summers and mild winters. The highest recorded temperature is {{convert|52.8|°C|°F}}, and the lowest recorded temperature is {{convert|-3.9|°C|°F}}. Rainfall is low, and mainly occurs in the monsoon season (July–September). {{Weather box|width = auto |location = Jacobabad |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high C = 30.6 |Feb record high C = 34.0 |Mar record high C = 42.1 |Apr record high C = 45.6 |May record high C = 52.8 |Jun record high C = 51.1 |Jul record high C = 47.8 |Aug record high C = 45.0 |Sep record high C = 42.8 |Oct record high C = 41.7 |Nov record high C = 38.0 |Dec record high C = 30.6 |Jan high C = 22.6 |Feb high C = 25.2 |Mar high C = 31.3 |Apr high C = 38.0 |May high C = 43.1 |Jun high C = 44.3 |Jul high C = 40.6 |Aug high C = 38.2 |Sep high C = 37.0 |Oct high C = 35.3 |Nov high C = 30.1 |Dec high C = 24.1 |Jan mean C = 15.1 |Feb mean C = 17.9 |Mar mean C = 23.8 |Apr mean C = 30.2 |May mean C = 34.9 |Jun mean C = 36.9 |Jul mean C = 34.9 |Aug mean C = 33.2 |Sep mean C = 31.4 |Oct mean C = 27.8 |Nov mean C = 22.1 |Dec mean C = 16.4 |Jan low C = 7.7 |Feb low C = 10.5 |Mar low C = 16.3 |Apr low C = 22.3 |May low C = 26.7 |Jun low C = 29.4 |Jul low C = 29.2 |Aug low C = 28.3 |Sep low C = 25.9 |Oct low C = 20.3 |Nov low C = 14.1 |Dec low C = 8.7 |Jan record low C = −1.1 |Feb record low C = 1.0 |Mar record low C = 6.0 |Apr record low C = 13.5 |May record low C = 18.9 |Jun record low C = 21.0 |Jul record low C = 20.3 |Aug record low C = 22.8 |Sep record low C = 17.8 |Oct record low C = 12.0 |Nov record low C = 3.9 |Dec record low C = 0.3 |Jan precipitation mm = 3.1 |Feb precipitation mm = 7.1 |Mar precipitation mm = 10.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 2.0 |May precipitation mm = 1.7 |Jun precipitation mm = 4.7 |Jul precipitation mm = 36.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 26.3 |Sep precipitation mm = 11.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 2.3 |Nov precipitation mm = 1.2 |Dec precipitation mm = 3.7 |Jan sun = 241.9 |Feb sun = 214.7 |Mar sun = 247.5 |Apr sun = 249.4 |May sun = 266.4 |Jun sun = 272.7 |Jul sun = 236.0 |Aug sun = 259.8 |Sep sun = 278.1 |Oct sun = 288.8 |Nov sun = 267.6 |Dec sun = 243.7 |source 1 =NOAA (1961–1990) [5] }} Airport and airbaseThe commercial airport at Jacobabad, about {{convert|300|mi|km}} north of Karachi and {{convert|300|mi|km}} southeast of Kandahar, is located on the border between Sindh and Balochistan provinces. The Shahbaz Air Base (co-located with the commercial airport in Jacobabad) was one of three Pakistani air bases used by U.S. and allied forces to support the Operation Enduring Freedom campaign in Afghanistan and reportedly ongoing drone strikes in North Western Pakistan tribal regions.[6] References1. ^ {{PakistanCities}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2011}}{{Authority control}}2. ^{{cite book|author=Medical and Physical Society of Bombay|title=Transactions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2COgAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA116|accessdate=17 March 2011|year=1857}} 3. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.thenews.com.pk/NewsDetail.aspx?ID=6278 |title=Jacobabad to have IT university: PM |work=thenews.com.pk |accessdate=27 January 2012}} 4. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/24/world/asia/pakistan-suicide-bombing-shiite-sunni.html?_r=0] 5. ^{{cite web |url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/PK/41715.TXT |title = Jacobabad Climate Normals 1961–1990 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate = January 17, 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=CIA drones quit one Pakistan site – but US keeps access to other airbases|url=http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2011/12/15/cia-drones-quit-pakistan-site-but-us-keeps-access-to-other-airbases/|work=The Bureau of Investigative Journalism|accessdate=24 March 2013}} 2 : Populated places in Sindh|Jacobabad District |
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