| 词条 | Beher (poetry) |
| 释义 |
Beher (Arabic/Persian/Urdu: بحر) in Urdu poetry is the meter of a sher (couplet). Essentially, beher is a specific pattern, combining the arkaans (dummy meaningless words) of Urdu prosody that define the "length" of a sher. However, generally beher is categorized in three classes: Short, medium, long, depending upon the length of the sher of the ghazal. For a ghazal, since all the shers in it should be of the same beher, determining the beher of one sher (or even one line of the sher) is enough to determine the beher of the entire ghazal. For example, in this ghazal of Ghalib, notice the length and meter of the ashaars is same throughout. koii ummiid bar nahiin aatii koii suurat nazar nahiin aatii aage aatii thii haal-e-dil pe hansii ab kisii baat par nahiin aatii jaanataa huun savaab-e-taa'at-o-zahad par tabiiyat idhar nahiin aatii hai kuchh aisii hii baat jo chup huun varna kyaa baat kar nahiin aatii kaabaa kis muunh se jaaoge 'Ghalib sharm tumako magar nahiin aatii Another example is: "Kis waste yazeed pareshan haal hai, Mukhtaar koofe aa gaye bachna mohaal hai." This poetry was written by a great poet "Shaheer Ralvi". The ghazal above is written in a beher called: khafiif musaddas makhbuun mahzuuf maqtu (Meter G8).[1] This is a ten syllable beher and by the standards of Urdu poetry, is a chotii (small) beher. Historical usage and analysis{{Empty section|date=April 2013}}Contemporary study and scanning{{Empty section|date=April 2013}}There exist many behers, but mainly there are 19 behers used in Urdu poetry. These behers are further distributed in parts, but they are not part of this topic. The names are:
Examples{{Empty section|date=April 2013}}1. Bah’r Hazaj SaalimMa - faa - ii - lun Ma - faa - ii - lun Ma - faa - ii - lun Ma - faa - ii - lunBha - rii duni- yaa sa - hii le - kin thi - kaa- naa ham bhii paa leN- ge Ja - haaN do gaz za - miiN ho- gii wa - hiiN ham ghar ba - naa leN- ge Classic by Allama ‘Iqbal’: Mitaa de apnii hastii ko agar kuchh martabaa chaahe ki daanaa Khaak meiN mil kar gul-e-gulzaar hotaa hai References1. ^{{cite web|last=Pritchett|first=Frances|title=A Desert Full of Roses - The Urdu Ghazals of Mirza Assadullah Khan Ghalib|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ghalib/161/index_161.html?}} {{Urdu poetry}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Beher (Poetry)}} 4 : Urdu poetry|Indian poetics|Ghazal|Poetic rhythm |
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