“Bülach”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Bülach ({{IPA-gsw|ˈbylɑχ|Swiss German:}}) is historic town and a municipality in Switzerland in the canton of Zürich, located in the district of the same name, and belongs to the Glatt Valley (German: Glattal) to the east of the small river Glatt and about {{convert|4|km|abbr=on}} south of the High Rhine and about {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}} north of the Airport Zurich.

The official language of Bülach is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.

History

Bülach is first mentioned in 811 as Pulacha.^[1] From early times it fell within the province of the Alamanni: Joachim Werner's description of the early cemetery excavated there was published in 1953.^[1]

Geography

Bülach has an area of {{convert|16.1|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. Of this area, 33.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 39.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 26.9% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.4%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).^[3]

The municipality is located around the lower Glatt Valley. The town of Bülach and the village of Niederflachs are in the valley. Around the town are the hamlets of Heimgarten am Rinsberg, Eschenmosen (since 1919, earlier part of Winkel) and Nussbaumen am Dettenberg. The municipality of Bachenbülach was part of Bülach until 1849 when it became an independent municipality. Bülach is located on the old road from Zürich through Kloten to Eglisau.

Demographics

Bülach has a population (as of {{Swiss populations date|CH-ZH}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-ZH|0053}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-ZH}} {{as of|2007}}, 22.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 17.8%. Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks German (83.9%), with Italian being second most common ( 4.7%) and Serbo-Croatian being third ( 2.5%).

In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 38.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (17%), the CSP (12.5%) and the FDP (11.2%).

The age distribution of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) is as follows: children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 23.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 64.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 12.2%. In Bülach about 73.2% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).^[2]

Attractions

The Reformed Church and the popular Sigristenkeller gallery stand on a small hill, and are surrounded by pretty old buildings, including the Pfarrhaus and the old Tithe Barn. The church is named after Saint Laurentius, to whom the town's coat of arms is dedicated. Saint Laurentius was deacon to Pope Sixtus II, and became a martyr when he was condemned to death by fire in 258 AD. The church forms a well-matched unit with the Town Hall, and has a tower rising above it to a height of 74 meters. Also on the first Saturday of every month at 6pm, trumpeters play for half an hour from the top of the tower.

Duke Leopold III of Austria (Habsburg) granted Bülach a town charter in 1384, including its own jurisdiction and the right to hold its own market.

Economy and transport

One of its most important institutions and its biggest employer (over 700 employees) is the regional hospital Spital Bülach with 200 acute beds. Other important employers include the traditional glass producer Vetropack, civil engineering firm Mageba, and the Zürcher Unterländer newspaper.

Bülach has an unemployment rate of 3.07%. {{as of|2005}}, there were 130 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 36 businesses involved in this sector. 1893 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 133 businesses in this sector. 5596 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 607 businesses in this sector.^[2]

Bülach railway station is a node of the Zürich S-Bahn on the lines S22, S41 and S5. Its train station is a 24-minute (S5) ride from Zürich Hauptbahnhof.

It also has a direct bus link from Zürich Airport which takes 25 minutes on 530 service.

Education

The primary schools include Schuleinheit Böswisli,^[5] Schuleinheit Schwerzgrueb,^[6] Schuleinheit Lindenhof,^[7] and Schuleinheit Hohfuri.^[8]

Lower secondary schools include Schule Hinterbirch and Schule Mettmenriet.^[9]^[10]

Notable people

References

1. ^J. Werner, Das alamannische Gräberfeld von Bülach, (Monographs in Ur- und Frühgeschichte Schweiz), Basel 1953.
2. ^¹²Swiss Federal Statistical Office {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=January 5, 2016 }} accessed 29-Jul-2009
3. ^¹{{HDS|41|Bülach}}
4. ^accessed 17-Jun-2012 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229071800/http://www.buelach.ch/unser-buelach/stadtportrait/buelach-in-zahlen/bevoelkerung#c550 |date=February 29, 2012 }}
5. ^"Schuleinheit Böswisli." Primarschule Bülach. Retrieved on April 23, 2015.
6. ^"Schuleinheit Schwerzgrueb." Primarschule Bülach. Retrieved on April 23, 2015.
7. ^"Schuleinheit Lindenhof." Primarschule Bülach. Retrieved on April 23, 2015.
8. ^"Schuleinheit Hohfuri." Primarschule Bülach. Retrieved on April 23, 2015.
9. ^"Schule Hinterbirch." Sekundarskule Bülach. Retrieved on April 23, 2015.
10. ^"Schule Mettmenriet." Sekundarskule Bülach. Retrieved on April 23, 2015.