| 词条 | Fairtrade International |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox company |name = Fairtrade International (FLO) |logo = Fairtrade Certification Mark.svg |logo_size = 150px |type = Nonprofit organization |foundation = 2004 |location = Bonn, Germany |key_people = Molly Harriss Olson, Chair of the Board |industry = Product certification |products = Producer Business Development, Standards Development |homepage = www.fairtrade.net }}Fairtrade International otherwise known as in many countries Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International e.V. (FLO)[1] was established in 1997, and is an association of 3 Producer Networks, 19 National Fairtrade Organizations (formerly: Fairtrade Labelling Organizations) and 8 Fairtrade Marketing Organizations that promote and market the Fairtrade Certification Mark in their countries [2] Producer Networks exist in Latin America and Carriberans; Africa and Middle East; Asia and Pacific. National Fairtrade Organizations exist in 16 European countries as well as in Canada, the United States, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.[3] Fairtrade International also oversees Fairtrade Marketing Organizations in the Czech Republic, Korea, Hongkong, Taiwan, India, Philippines, Brasil, and Poland.[3] In 2009, Fairtrade certified sales amounted to approximately €3.4 billion (US $4.9 billion) worldwide, a 15% increase from 2008.[4] As of 2011, 827 producer organizations in 58 developing countries were FLOCert Fairtrade certified.[4] HistoryTo ensure compliance with the Fairtrade standards relating to labour standards, cooperative organization, and the governance of the Fairtrade benefits, the organization was divided in January 2004 into two independent organizations:[5]
MembershipThe following are National Fairtrade Organizations and Fairtrade Marketing Organizations:[6]
These initiatives were joined in 2007 by three Producer Networks:
StructureFairtrade International is divided into three units:
Fairtrade standardsGiven the development focus of fair trade, related standards contain minimum requirements that all producer organisations must meet to become certified as well as progress requirements in which producers must demonstrate improvements over time. There are two types of fair trade standards for disadvantaged{{Vague|date=March 2009}} producers: standards for small farmers' organizations and for hired labor situations.
For some products, such as coffee, only fair trade standards for small farmers' organizations are applicable. For others, such as tea, both small farmers' organizations and plantations can be certified. Fair trade standards and procedures are approved by the FLO Standards Committee, an external committee comprising all FLO stakeholders (labeling initiatives, producers, and traders) and external experts. Fair trade standards are set in accordance to the requirements of the ISEAL Code of Good Practice in standards setting and are in addition the result of an extensive consultation process, involving a variety of stakeholders: producers, traders, external experts, inspectors, certification staff etc.[8] International Fairtrade Certification Mark{{main|International Fairtrade Certification Mark}}The FAIRTRADE Mark is an international independent consumer Mark which appears on products as a guarantee that producers and traders have met fair trade standards. The FAIRTRADE Mark is owned and protected by FLO, on behalf of its 25 member and associate member labeling initiatives and producer networks. For a product to carry the FAIRTRADE Mark, it must come from FLOCert inspected and certified producer organizations. The crops must be grown and harvested in accordance with the International Fairtrade Standards set by Fairtrade International. The supply chain is also monitored by FLOCert to ensure the integrity of labelled products. Only authorized licensees can use the FAIRTRADE Mark on their products. References1. ^Fairtrade International (2011). Home page. URL accessed on August 23, 2011. 2. ^.Fairtrade International (2011). Our members {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120730024433/http://www.fairtrade.net/our_members.0.html?&L=0 |date=2012-07-30 }}. URL accessed on August 23, 2011. 3. ^1 Fairtrade International (2011). Fairtrade labelling initiatives {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120804075801/http://www.fairtrade.net/labelling_initiatives1.0.html |date=2012-08-04 }}. URL accessed on August 24, 2011. 4. ^1 Fairtrade International (2011). Facts and figures {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116203036/http://www.fairtrade.net/facts_and_figures.0.html |date=2013-01-16 }}. URL accessed on August 24, 2011. 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=isH8ceNFj_UC&pg=PA238&lpg=PA238&dq=%22Fairtrade+international%22++organization+divided+into+FLOCert&source=bl&ots=Nv_WtZPhut&sig=icTNAPG0U8k5dr5UCnHDyRuAz6g&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Fairtrade%20international%22%20%20organization%20divided%20into%20FLOCert&f=false|title=The Processes and Practices of Fair Trade: Trust, Ethics and Governance|last=Dine|first=Janet|last2=Granville|first2=Brigitte|publisher=Routledge|year=2012|isbn=9781136231803|location=|page=238|pages=}} 6. ^Fairtrade International (2011).Fairtrade labelling initiatives {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120804075801/http://www.fairtrade.net/labelling_initiatives1.0.html |date=2012-08-04 }}.URL accessed on August 24, 2011. 7. ^Fairtrade International (2011). Liaison Officers. URL accessed on February 21, 2011. 8. ^Fairtrade International (2011). Standard Setting. URL accessed on February 21, 2011. External links
5 : Fair trade organizations|International economic organizations|International organisations based in Bonn|International organisations based in Germany|Organizations established in 1997 |
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