| absmag_v=6.64[12]
}}{{Starbox detail
| mass=0.661[13]
| radius={{nowrap|0.681 ± 0.006}}[14]
| luminosity={{nowrap|0.212 ± 0.002}}[14]
| temperature={{nowrap|4,759 ± 20}}[14]
| gravity=4.68[17]
| metal_fe=–1.33[17]
| rotation=
| age_gyr=4.7–5.3[19]
}}{{Starbox catalog
| names = BD+38 2285, FK5 1307, GCTP 2745.00, GJ 451, HIP 57939, HR 4550, HD 103095, LHS 44, LTT 13276, SAO 62738, 1830 Groombridge, Argelander's Star
}}{{starbox reference
|Simbad=Groombridge+1830
}}{{Starbox end}}Groombridge 1830 (also known as 1830 Groombridge or Argelander's Star)[1] is a star in the constellation Ursa Major.
Description
It is a yellow-hued class G8 subdwarf catalogued by British astronomer Stephen Groombridge with the Groombridge Transit Circle between 1806 and the 1830s and published posthumously in his star catalog, Catalogue of Circumpolar Stars (1838). Its high proper motion was noted by Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander in 1842.
It is {{Convert|29.9|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}} from the Sun as measured by the Hipparcos astrometry satellite,[1][22] which, as the distance is nearly 10 parsecs, means its absolute magnitude is almost equal to its apparent magnitude. It is a member of the galactic halo; such stars account for only 0.1 to 0.2 percent of the stars near the Sun. Like most halo stars, it has a low abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium—what astronomers term a metal-poor star.[23]
Once suspected of being a binary star with a period of 175 days, current consensus is that it is single. Previous suspected observations of a stellar companion were probably "superflares"—analogous to the Sun's solar flares, but hundreds to millions of times more energetic.[23][25] It had one of the first nine identified superflares.
Proper motion
When discovered, it had the highest proper motion of any star known, replacing 61 Cygni in that department. Later it dropped to second place after the discovery of Kapteyn's Star, and still later to third place after the discovery of Barnard's Star. It is considerably farther away than either of those stars, however, which means its transverse velocity is greater.
See also
- List of star systems within 25–30 light-years
References
1. ^Peters, C. A. F.; "On the Parallax of Argelander's Star", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, December 1853, v.50, p.302, {{bibcode|1853MNRAS..14...49P}}
2. ^1 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Holmberg | first1=J. | last2=Nordström | first2=B. | last3=Andersen | first3=J. | title=The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics | volume=501 | issue=3 |date=July 2009 | pages=941–947 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200811191 | bibcode=2009A&A...501..941H | arxiv=0811.3982 | postscript=. }}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite journal | display-authors=1 | last1=Perryman | first1=M. A. C. | last2=Lindegren | first2=L. | last3=Kovalevsky | first3=J. | last4=Hoeg | first4=E. | last5=Bastian | first5=U. | last6=Bernacca | first6=P. L. | last7=Crézé | first7=M. | last8=Donati | first8=F. | last9=Grenon | first9=M. | title=The Hipparcos Catalogue | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | date=1997 | volume=323 | pages=L49–L52 | bibcode=1997A&A...323L..49P}}
4. ^1 {{citation | last=Perryman | first=Michael | title=The Making of History's Greatest Star Map | location=Heidelberg | publisher=Springer-Verlag | date=2010 | doi=10.1007/978-3-642-11602-5 | bibcode=2010mhgs.book.....P | journal=Astronomers' Universe}}
5. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=Mamajek, Eric E. |author2=Hillenbrand, Lynne A. | title=Improved Age Estimation for Solar-Type Dwarfs Using Activity-Rotation Diagnostics | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=687 | issue=2 | pages=1264–1293 |date=November 2008 | doi=10.1086/591785 | bibcode=2008ApJ...687.1264M |arxiv = 0807.1686 }}
6. ^1 {{cite conference | last=Evans | first=D. S. | date=June 20–24, 1966 | editors=Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick | title=The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities | booktitle=Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30 | location=University of Toronto | publisher=International Astronomical Union | bibcode=1967IAUS...30...57E }}
7. ^1 2 {{cite journal |author1=Soubiran, C. |author2=Bienaymé, O. |author3=Mishenina, T. V. |author4=Kovtyukh, V. V. | title=Vertical distribution of Galactic disk stars. IV. AMR and AVR from clump giants | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=480 | issue=1 |date=March 2008 | pages=91–101 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078788 | bibcode=2008A&A...480...91S|arxiv = 0712.1370 }}
8. ^1 {{Cite journal | last=Johnson | first=H. L. |author2=Morgan, W. W. | title=Fundamental stellar photometry for standards of spectral type on the revised system of the Yerkes spectral atlas | journal=Astrophysical Journal | date=1953 | volume=117 | pages=313–352 | bibcode=1953ApJ...117..313J | doi=10.1086/145697 }}
9. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal | title=UBV photometry of 550 F, G and K type stars | last=Argue | first=A. N. | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=133 | pages=475–493 | date=1966 | bibcode=1966MNRAS.133..475A | doi=10.1093/mnras/133.4.475}}
10. ^1 {{cite book | author=Kukarkin, B. V. | display-authors=etal | date=1981 | title=Catalogue of suspected variable stars | publisher=Academy of Sciences | location=Moscow, USSR | bibcode=1981NVS...C......0K }}
11. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/groo1830.htm | title=Groombridge 1830 | publisher=SolStation }}
12. ^1 {{cite journal | title=Superflares and Giant Planets | last=Rubenstein | first=Eric P. | journal=American Scientist | volume=89 | issue=1 | page=38 |date=February 2001 | doi=10.1511/2001.1.38 | bibcode=2001AmSci..89...38R |arxiv = astro-ph/0101573 }}
13. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=Takeda, Genya |author2=Ford, Eric B. |author3=Sills, Alison |author4=Rasio, Frederic A. |author5=Fischer, Debra A. |author6=Valenti, Jeff A. | title=Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets. II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog | journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series | volume=168 | issue=2 | pages=297–318 |date=February 2007 | doi=10.1086/509763 | bibcode=2007ApJS..168..297T |arxiv = astro-ph/0607235 }}
14. ^1 2 3 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Boyajian | first1=Tabetha S. | last2=McAlister | first2=Harold A. | last3=van Belle | first3=Gerard | last4=Gies | first4=Douglas R. | last5=ten Brummelaar | first5=Theo A. | last6=von Braun | first6=Kaspar | last7=Farrington | first7=Chris | last8=Goldfinger | first8=P. J. | last9=O'Brien | first9=David | last10=Parks | first10=J. Robert | last11=Richardson | first11=Noel D. | last12=Ridgway | first12=Stephen | last13=Schaefer | first13=Gail | last14=Sturmann | first14=Laszlo | last15=Sturmann | first15=Judit | last16=Touhami | first16=Yamina | last17=Turner | first17=Nils H. | last18=White | first18=Russel | title=Stellar Diameters and Temperatures. I. Main-sequence A, F, and G Stars | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=746 | issue=1 | page=101 |date=February 2012 | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/101 | bibcode=2012ApJ...746..101B |arxiv = 1112.3316 }}. See Table 10.