| 词条 | John Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable | name = The Earl of Dudley | honorific-suffix = PC FRS | image = 1stEarlOfDudley.jpg | order1 = Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | term_start1 = 30 April 1827 | term_end1 = 2 June 1828 | monarch1 = George IV | primeminister1 = George Canning The Viscount Goderich The Duke of Wellington | predecessor1 = George Canning | successor1 = The Earl of Aberdeen | birth_date = {{birth-date|9 August 1781}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{death-date and age|6 March 1833|9 August 1781}} | death_place = | nationality = British | party = Tory | alma_mater = {{hlist|Oriel College, Oxford|Corpus Christi College, Oxford}} }} John William Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley, PC, FRS (9 August 1781 – 6 March 1833), known as the Honourable John Ward from 1788 to 1823 and as the 4th Viscount Dudley and Ward from 1823 to 1827, was a British politician. He served as Foreign Secretary from 1827 to 1828. Background and educationDudley was the son of William Ward, 3rd Viscount Dudley and Ward, and his wife Julia Bosville, and was educated at Oxford University (starting at Oriel College in 1798 and transferring to Corpus Christi College, Oxford as a Gentleman Commoner in 1800). Political careerDudley entered the House of Commons in 1802 as one of two representatives for Downton. He held this seat until 1803 and later represented Worcestershire from 1803 to 1806, Petersfield from 1806 to 1807, Wareham from 1807 to 1812, Ilchester from 1812 to 1819 and Bossiney from 1819 to 1823. The latter year he succeeded his father in the peerage and took his seat in the House of Lords. In 1827 Ward was appointed Foreign Secretary under George Canning, a post he held also under Lord Goderich and the Duke of Wellington, resigning office in May 1828. In 1827 he was admitted to the Privy Council and created Viscount Ednam, of Ednam in the County of Roxburgh, and Earl of Dudley, of Dudley Castle in the County of Stafford. As foreign minister Ward was only a cipher; but he was a man of considerable learning and had some reputation as a writer and a talker. Dudley took an interest in the foundation of the University of London, and his Letters to Edward Copleston, the Bishop of Llandaff, were published by the bishop in 1840. Personal lifeDudley died unmarried on 6 March 1833, aged 51. His two viscountcies and his earldom became extinct on his death while he was succeeded in his junior title of Baron Ward by his second cousin Reverend William Humble Ward. Industries of the estateAs Lord of Dudley, John Ward inherited mineral bearing lands in the Black Country region of England which included coal and limestone mines and furnaces. An agreement to construct a rail line was signed in 1827 by James Foster, a local ironmaster, and Francis Downing, the mineral agent of John William Ward.[1] The line connected some of the coal pits owned by the Dudley estate to the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal. The line opened in June 1829 and was operated by the early steam locomotive Agenoria. This line was later connected to a network of private railways owned by John Ward's successors, which became known as the Earl of Dudley’s Railway.[2] John William Ward inherited estates in Jamaica from his grandmother Mary, Viscountess Dudley and Ward, which included enslaved people. After emancipation of the slaves in 1833, the Dudley estate received compensation for the freed slaves (the Earl having died by this time).[3] References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Fort|first1=David|title=Stourbridge and its Historic Locomotives|editor=Paul Collins|date=1989|publisher=Dudley Leisure Services|location=Dudley, UK|isbn=0900911255}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Williams|first1=Ned|title=The Earl of Dudley's Railway|date=2014|publisher=History Press|isbn=9780752493084}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/1283343189|title='John William Ward, Earl of Dudley', Legacies of British Slave-ownership database|last=|first=|date=|website=www.ucl.ac.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-17}}
External links
| title = Member of Parliament for Downton | with = Hon. Edward Bouverie 1802–1803 | with2 = Sir John Blaquiere 1803 | before = Hon. Edward Bouverie | before2=Viscount Folkestone | after = Sir John Blaquiere | after2=Viscount Marsham | years = 1802–1803 }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Worcestershire | with = William Lygon (I) 1803–1806 | with2 = William Lygon (II)) 1806 | before = Edward Foley | before2=William Lygon | after = William Lygon | after2=William Lyttelton | years = 1803–1806 }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Petersfield | with = Hylton Jolliffe | before= Hylton Jolliffe | before2=William Best | after = Hylton Jolliffe | after2=Booth Grey | years = 1806–1807 }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Wareham | with = Sir Granby Thomas Calcraft 1807–1808 | with2 = Sir Samuel Romilly 1808–1812 | before=Andrew Strahan | before2=Jonathan Raine | after= Robert Gordon | after2=Theodore Henry Broadhead | years=1807–1812 }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Ilchester | years = 1812–1818 | with = George Philips | before = Richard Brinsley Sheridan | before2=Michael Angelo Taylor | after = Sir Isaac Coffin | after2=John Merest }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Bossiney | with = Sir Compton Domvile | years = 1819–1823 | before = James Stuart Wortley | before2=Sir Compton Domvile | after = Sir Compton Domvile | after2=John Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie }}{{s-off}}{{succession box|title=Foreign Secretary|before=George Canning|after=The Earl of Aberdeen|years=1827–1828}}{{s-reg|uk}}{{s-new | creation }}{{s-ttl | title=Earl of Dudley | years= 1827–1833 }}{{s-non | reason = Extinct }}{{s-reg|gb}}{{succession box | title=Viscount Dudley and Ward | before= William Ward | after= Extinct | years= 1823–1833 }}{{s-reg|en}}{{succession box | title=Baron Ward | before= William Ward | after= William Humble Ward | years= 1823–1833 }}{{s-end}}{{Foreign Secretary}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Dudley, John William Ward, 1st Earl Of}} 18 : Alumni of Oriel College, Oxford|Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Oxford|British Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs|British Secretaries of State|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Tory MPs (pre-1834)|UK MPs 1802–06|UK MPs 1806–07|UK MPs 1807–12|UK MPs 1818–20|UK MPs 1820–26|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies|Earls in the Peerage of the United Kingdom|1781 births|1833 deaths|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Cornwall|Fellows of the Royal Society|Ward family |
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