| 词条 | Brook salamander | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Brook salamanders | image = Close view of longtail salamander.jpg | image_caption = Eurycea longicauda | taxon = Eurycea | authority = Rafinesque, 1822 | synonyms = Spelerpes Cylindrosoma Saurocercus Manculus Typhlotriton Typhlomolge Septentriomolge Belpsimolge Notiomolge Paedomolge Haideotriton }} Eurycea is a genus of salamanders native to North America. These salamanders are commonly referred to as brook salamanders. TaxonomyThe genus Eurycea was first described by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz in 1822, with a specimen of the spotted-tail salamander, Eurycea lucifuga, from Kentucky. The taxonomy of the genus is somewhat confusing, as many of the species within it are poorly studied and are found only in very restricted ranges, or deep within subterranean caverns. Several species have even been described several times by different researchers, and some are often considered to be morphologically different enough to warrant being placed into their own genera. A recent taxonomic revision moved the Georgia blind salamander to this genus, which makes Haideotriton a synonym of Eurycea.[1] Many sources also refer to several species of the genus as cave salamanders, due to their choice of habitat, or as blind salamanders, due to their reduced eyes, or the antiquated term for aquatic salamanders, Triton. Most species are from very isolated localities, so bear the name of the place the first specimen was found. SpeciesThis genus is composed of these 27 species:
DietEurycea eat a variety of small arthropods such as spiders, Armadillidiidae, and insects.[2] The food of larvae is at the same trophic level as the adults. E. cirrega, for example, eat isopods, chironomids, and copepods.[3]ReproductionMating can occur from fall to spring.[3][4] Males use their premaxillary teeth to scratch the female during reproduction, most likely to release various pheromones. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/bitstream/2246/5781/1/B297.pdf|format=PDF|title=THE AMPHIBIAN TREE OF LIFE|website=Digitalspy.amnh.org|accessdate=14 October 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naturealmanac.com/natural_events/s/brook_salamander.html|title=Brook Salamander - Waterman and Hill-Traveller's Companion|website=Naturealmanac.com|accessdate=14 October 2018}} 3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Eurycea_cirrigera/|title=Eurycea cirrigera (Southern Two-lined Salamander)|website=Animal Diversity Web|language=en|access-date=2018-03-16}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Eurycea_wilderae|title=Eurycea wilderae (Blue Ridge Two-lined Salamander)|website=Animal Diversity Web|language=en|access-date=2018-03-16}} External links
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2426018}}{{Plethodontidae-stub}} 4 : Lungless salamanders|Eurycea|Amphibian genera|Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque |
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