| 词条 | Comic Sans |
| 释义 |
| name = Comic Sans MS | image = ComicSansSpec3.svg | style = Script (typefaces) | releasedate = {{start date and age|1994|10}} | creator = Vincent Connare | foundry = Microsoft | latin = yes | greek = yes | cyrillic = yes }}Comic Sans MS is a sans-serif casual script typeface designed by Vincent Connare and released in 1994 by Microsoft Corporation. It is a casual, non-connecting script inspired by comic book lettering, intended for use in informal documents and children's materials.[1] The typeface has been supplied with Microsoft Windows since the introduction of Windows 95, initially as a supplemental font in the Windows Plus Pack and later in Microsoft Comic Chat. Describing it, Microsoft has explained that "this casual but legible face has proved very popular with a wide variety of people."[2] The typeface's widespread use, often in situations for which it was not intended, has been the subject of criticism and mockery.[3] HistoryMicrosoft designer Vincent Connare began work on Comic Sans in October 1994. Connare had already created child-oriented fonts for various applications, so when he saw a beta version of Microsoft Bob that used Times New Roman in the word balloons of cartoon characters, he felt that the result was a formal look inappropriate for a program intended to introduce younger users to computers. His decision was to create a new face based on the lettering style of comic books he had in his office, specifically The Dark Knight Returns (lettered by John Costanza) and Watchmen (lettered by Dave Gibbons).[4] He completed the face too late for inclusion in MS Bob, but the programmers of Microsoft 3D Movie Maker, which also used cartoon guides and speech bubbles, began to use it. The speech bubbles eventually were phased out and replaced by actual sound, but Comic Sans stayed for the program’s pop-up windows and help sections. The typeface later shipped with the Windows 95 Plus! Pack. It then became a standard font for the OEM version of Windows 95. Finally, the font became one of the default fonts for Microsoft Publisher and Microsoft Internet Explorer. The font is also used in Microsoft Comic Chat, which was released in 1996 with Internet Explorer 3.0. Microsoft has reportedly sometimes claimed to retain the original Mac computer on which Comic Sans was created in its collection; Connare has said that this is not correct as the computer in Microsoft's collection was his older personal computer.[5][6]{{bettersource|date=June 2018}} It is also pre-installed in macOS and Windows Phone devices, but not under Android, iOS or Linux.[7] Comic Sans Pro (2011)Comic Sans Pro is an improved and expanded version created by Terrance Weinzierl from Monotype Imaging. While retaining the original classic design of the core characters, it adds new italic variants of the original fonts, swashes, small capitals, extra ornaments and symbols including speech bubbles, onomatopoeia and dingbats, as well as text figures and other stylistic alternates.[8][9][10] Originally appearing as part of Ascender 2010 Font Pack as Comic Sans 2010, it was first released on April Fools' Day, causing some to initially assume it was a joke.[11][12][13] The italic fonts later appeared in Windows 8.[14] Reception and use in popular cultureInstalled on the majority of computers worldwide, Comic Sans saw widespread use. Within four years of its release on Windows, designers had begun to argue that it had become overused, often through use in serious and formal documents in which it could appear too informal or even as inappropriate and disrespectful.[3] The font is nonetheless very popular with educational users, up to high school level, with some schools in the United Kingdom requiring it in their style guides. Some have even imposed monitoring to make sure that it is used enough as part of their good teaching checklists.[15][16]{{primary-inline|date=June 2018}} OppositionThe Boston Phoenix reported on disgruntlement over the widespread use of the font, especially its incongruous use for writing on serious subjects, with the complaints urged on by a campaign started by two Indianapolis graphic designers, Dave and Holly Combs, via their website "Ban Comic Sans".[17] The movement was conceived in 1999 by the two designers after an employer insisted that one of them use Comic Sans in a children's museum exhibit, and in early 2009, the movement was "stronger now than ever".[4] The web site's main argument is that a typeface should match the tone of its text and that the irreverence of Comic Sans is often at odds with a serious message, such as a "do not enter" sign.[18] In the 2005 session of the youth model parliament in Ontario, Canada, the New Democratic Party included the clause "Ban the font known as Comic Sans" in an omnibus ban bill.[19] Comic book artist Dave Gibbons, whose work was one of the inspirations for the font, said that it was "a shame they couldn't have used just the original font, because [Comic Sans] is a real mess. I think it's a particularly ugly letter form."[20] Film producer and New York Times essayist Errol Morris wrote in an August 2012 posting, "The conscious awareness of Comic Sans promotes—at least among some people—contempt and summary dismissal." With the help of a professor, he conducted an online experiment and found that Comic Sans, in comparison with five other fonts (Baskerville, Helvetica, Georgia, Trebuchet MS, and Computer Modern), makes readers slightly less likely to believe that a statement they are reading is true.[21] DefenseCommenting on its critics and fans alike, Comic Sans designer Vincent Connare said: "If you love it, you don't know much about typography [but] if you hate it, you really don't know much about typography, either, and you should get another hobby."[22] In the Netherlands radio DJs Coen Swijnenberg and Sander Lantinga decided to celebrate the font by having a Comic Sans day on the first Friday of July. Comic Sans Day has been held since 2009. Some Dutch companies have their website in Comic Sans on this day.[23] In a 2010 Cognition research article showed disfluency could lead to improved retention and classroom performance. The article stated that disfluency can be produced merely by adopting fonts that are slightly more difficult to read. In the case studies cited in the article, Comic Sans fonts were used to introduce disfluency.[24][25]. Notable usesIn 2010, the meme Doge, which would eventually proceed to become popular in 2013, begun to be photoshopped, leading to different colored sets of words in a sort of broken English around the head of a Shiba Inu which was written in Comic Sans font. A 2010 Princeton University study involving presenting students with text in a font slightly more difficult to read found that they consistently retained more information from material displayed in so-called disfluent or ugly fonts (Monotype Corsiva, Haettenschweiler, Comic Sans Italicized were used) than in a simple, more readable font such as Arial.[26] During the summer of 2010, NBA superstar LeBron James left the Cleveland Cavaliers in free agency, in a highly publicized media affair that culminated in a TV special called The Decision. The majority owner of the team (at the time), Dan Gilbert, reacted by posting a letter to Cavalier fans. One of the ways the letter was heavily derided was for its use of Comic Sans font.[27][28][29] In July 2012, when the discovery of the Higgs boson was announced at CERN, Fabiola Gianotti, the spokesperson of the ATLAS experiment, attracted comment by using the font in her presentation of the results.[30][31][32] As a 2014 April Fools' Day joke, CERN claimed that it would be switching all its publications to Comic Sans.[33] In October 2012, a Dutch World War II memorial called Verzoening ("Reconciliation") was revealed on which the names of Jewish, Allied and German military deaths alike were written alongside each other in Comic Sans. The names were eventually scraped off after complaints from Jewish organizations, but the rewritten message was once again in Comic Sans. According to the city government, this was done because the letters fit the shape of the stone and were easily visible from a distance. It was, however, criticized for making the memorial look "ugly" and "cheap".[34] On 3 September 2014, the normally staid Australian national newspaper The Sydney Morning Herald printed a front page with Comic Sans, causing an uproar, despite its use being within speech bubbles in keeping with the origin of the font.[35] In April 2014, OpenBSD announced the LibreSSL project, claiming to have been the first to "weaponize" Comic Sans as a means for soliciting donations.[36][37] On 21 August 2015, a number of Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras's Syriza party members split and formed a new party, headed by Member of the Hellenic Parliament Panagiotis Lafazanis. The official document of resignation was allegedly written in Comic Sans.[38] A non-playable character from the critically acclaimed game Undertale, released on September 15, 2015, named Sans, is derived from the font, along with his brother Papyrus, whom is named after the typeface of the same name. In July 2018, a statue of former Chilean President Pedro Aguirre Cerda was inaugurated in Santiago. The plaques on the monument were written in Comic Sans, drawing criticism and derision on social media.[39] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|last1=Beaumont-Thomas|first1=Ben|last2=Connare|first2=Vincent|last3=Stephens|first3=Tom|title=How we made the typeface Comic Sans|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/mar/28/how-we-made-font-comic-sans-typography|website=The Guardian|accessdate=29 March 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://web.nickshanks.com/typography/font-descriptions|title=Typeface Descriptions & Histories|work=nickshanks.com|accessdate=24 May 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424000832/http://web.nickshanks.com/typography/font-descriptions|archivedate=24 April 2015|df=}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-11582548|title=What's so wrong with Comic Sans?|accessdate=2010-10-21|date=2010-10-20|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC}} 4. ^1 {{cite news| url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123992364819927171| title = Typeface Inspired by Comic Books Has Become a Font of Ill Will| accessdate = 2009-04-19| date = 2009-04-17| last = Steel| first = Emily| work = Wall Street Journal| publisher = Dow Jones & Company, Inc.| archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB123992364819927171.html%3Fmod%3Dgooglenews_wsj&date=2009-04-19| archivedate = 2009-04-19| deadurl = yes| df = }} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Landry|first1=Shane|title=Twitter post|url=https://twitter.com/shanelandry/status/556270119349780480|publisher=Twitter|accessdate=16 July 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|last1=Connare|first1=Vincent|title=Twitter post|url=https://twitter.com/VincentConnare/status/556484372405444608|website=Twitter|publisher=Twitter|accessdate=16 July 2015}} 7. ^{{Cite web|title = Font Family Reunion: Comic Sans MS|url = http://fontfamily.io/Comic_Sans_MS|website = fontfamily.io|accessdate = 2015-07-30}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110331006826/en/Comic-Sans-Pro-Typeface-Family-Debut|title=Comic Sans Pro Typeface Family Makes its Debut - Comic Sans Pro Adds OpenType Features to Extend Versatility of Comic Sans and Inspire New Creativity and Expression|publisher=|accessdate=15 September 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://ir.monotypeimaging.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=561269|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110403052134/http://ir.monotypeimaging.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=561269|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2011-04-03|title=Comic Sans Pro Typeface Family Makes its Debut|df=}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Ascender 2010 font pack features|url=http://ww1.prweb.com/prfiles/2010/06/29/91042/UserGuideAscender2010FontPack.pdf|website=PRWeb|publisher=Ascender|accessdate=29 July 2015}} 11. ^{{Cite web | title = Comic Sans Pro Not an April Fool's Joke {{!}} | author = Terri Stone | publisher = CreativePro.com | date = 4 April 2011 | accessdate = 2015-04-17 | url = http://creativepro.com/comic-san-pros-not-april-fools-joke/ | quote = The Comic Sans typeface, one of Microsoft’s most popular designs, has received a makeover courtesy of Monotype Imaging. Today the company has introduced the four-font Comic Sans Pro family of typefaces. Featuring elements such as speech bubbles and cartoon dingbats, Comic Sans Pro extends the versatility of the original Comic Sans, designed by Vincent Connare for Microsoft in 1994. }} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fontmarketplace.com/font/ascender-2010-pack.aspx?affid=2|title=Ascender releases new OpenType font pack for Microsoft Office 2010|publisher=|accessdate=15 September 2014}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/07/prweb4208244.htm|title=Ascender Releases New OpenType Font Pack for Microsoft Office 2010|date=6 July 2010|work=PRWeb|accessdate=15 September 2014}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://donnedwards.openaccess.co.za/2012/03/new-typefaces-for-windows-8.html|title=New Typefaces for Windows 8|publisher=|accessdate=15 September 2014}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Learning and Teaching Policy|url=http://www.tollgate.newham.sch.uk/files/3113/1823/9106/tollgate-primary-school-learning-and-teaching-policy.pdf|publisher=Tollgate School|accessdate=31 July 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Accessibility Plan 2014|url=http://www.st-leonards-stafford.staffs.sch.uk/Policies/St%20Leonards%20Accessibility%20Plan%202014.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911025158/http://www.st-leonards-stafford.staffs.sch.uk/Policies/St%20Leonards%20Accessibility%20Plan%202014.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=11 September 2017|publisher=St Leonard's School|accessdate=31 July 2015}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=Not Funny: Fighting the Good Fight Against a Very Bad Font|work=The Boston Phoenix|date=June 3, 2005|url=http://bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/this_just_in/documents/04731913.asp|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302221412/http://bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/this_just_in/documents/04731913.asp|archivedate=March 2, 2008|df=}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bancomicsans.com|title=Ban Comic Sans official page|publisher=|accessdate=15 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911052339/http://www.bancomicsans.com/|archive-date=11 September 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://tylerkinch.com/11/2007/ndp-calls-for-ban-on-comic-sans-typeface/|title=NDP calls for ban on Comic Sans typeface|accessdate=2008-05-16|date=2007-11-11|last=Kinch|first=Tyler|work=Kinch Blog|publisher=Tyler Kinch|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftylerkinch.com%2F11%2F2007%2Fndp-calls-for-ban-on-comic-sans-typeface%2F&date=2008-05-16|archivedate=2008-05-16|deadurl=yes|df=}} 20. ^{{cite news|first=Jack|last=Schofield|authorlink=Jack Schofield (journalist)|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/aug/12/dave-gibbons-watchmen-interview|title=Computers draw a new chapter in comics|work=The Guardian|date=2009-08-12|accessdate=2009-08-30|location=London}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/08/hear-all-ye-people-hearken-o-earth/|title=Hear, All Ye People; Hearken, O Earth (Part One)|last=Morris|first=Errol|date=August 8, 2012|work=New York Times|accessdate=10 August 2012}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/meet-comic-sans-successor-comic-neue-9246407.html|title=Meet Comic Sans' successor: Comic Neue|first=James|last=Vincent|date=8 April 2014|work=The Independent|accessdate=31 July 2014}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.3fm.nl/nieuws/detail/356139/Comic-Sans-Dag-op-5-juli-2013|title=Comic Sans Dag op 5 juli 2013 - Nieuws - NPO 3FM - Serious Radio|work=NPO 3FM Serious Radio|accessdate=15 September 2014}} 24. ^Fortune favors the Bold (and the Italicized): Effects of disfluency on educational outcomes 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/2011/01/the-benefit-of-ugly-fonts/|title=The Educational Benefit of Ugly Fonts|website=wired.com|accessdate=16 November 2017}} 26. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.cognition.2010.09.012| pmid = 21040910| title = Fortune favors the bold (and the italicized): Effects of disfluency on educational outcomes| journal = Cognition| volume = 118| issue = 1| pages = 111–5| year = 2011| last1 = Diemand-Yauman | first1 = C. | last2 = Oppenheimer | first2 = D. M. | last3 = Vaughan | first3 = E. B. }} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nba.com/cavaliers/news/gilbert_letter_100708.html |title=Cavaliers: Open Letter to Fans from Cavaliers Majority Owner Dan Gilbert |date=10 July 2010 |publisher= |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710014850/http://www.nba.com/cavaliers/news/gilbert_letter_100708.html |archivedate=2010-07-10 |df= }} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://cnn.com/2010/TECH/web/07/09/comic.sans.cavs.james|title=Cavs owner's letter mocked for Comic Sans font|work=cnn.com|accessdate=24 May 2015}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/07/08/cleveland-cavs-owner-letter-lebron|title=Cavs Owner Goes Online To Rip LeBron A New One… In Comic Sans|author=MG Siegler|publisher=AOL|work=TechCrunch|accessdate=24 May 2015}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/jul/04/higgs-boson-comic-sans-twitter|title=Higgs boson and Comic Sans: the perfect fusion |first=Patrick |last=Kingsley|work=The Guardian |date=4 July 2012 |accessdate=5 July 2012}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://mediastream.cern.ch/MediaArchive/Photo/Public/2012/1207136/1207136_67/1207136_67-A4-at-144-dpi.jpg|title=Higgs seminar picture |publisher=CERN |format=JPG|date=4 July 2012 |accessdate=5 July 2012}} 32. ^{{cite video|url=http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1459565|title= Latest update in the search for the Higgs boson |time=51:07|publisher=CERN |date=4 July 2012 |accessdate=5 July 2012}} 33. ^{{cite web|title=CERN to switch to Comic Sans|url=http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2014/04/cern-switch-comic-sans|publisher=CERN|accessdate=29 July 2015}} 34. ^[https://www.binnenlandsbestuur.nl/bestuur-en-organisatie/nieuws/doden-herdenken-met-comic-sans-letters.8504376.lynkx Remembering the dead with Comic Sans letters (in Dutch)], Binnenlands Bestuur 35. ^{{cite web|title=Comic Sans comes of age on the front page of The Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://www.smh.com.au/comment/comic-sans-comes-of-age-on-the-front-page-of-the-sydney-morning-herald-20140903-10brl2.html|accessdate=10 October 2017}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan14-libressl/mgp00025.html|title=MagicPoint presentation foils|work=openbsd.org|accessdate=24 May 2015}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.libressl.org/|title=LibreSSL|work=libressl.org|accessdate=24 May 2015}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.volosnow.gr/o-lafazanis-katethese-tin-apochorisi-tou-grammeni-se-comic-sans/|title=O Λαφαζάνης κατέθεσε την αποχώρησή του γραμμένη σε Comic Sans!|work=Volos!Now - On-line|accessdate=3 October 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004131442/http://www.volosnow.gr/o-lafazanis-katethese-tin-apochorisi-tou-grammeni-se-comic-sans/|archivedate=4 October 2015|df=}} 39. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-metropolitana/2018/07/03/critican-monumento-a-pedro-aguirre-cerda-por-utilizacion-de-tipografia-comic-sans.shtml |title=Critican monumento a Pedro Aguirre Cerda por utilización de tipografía Comic Sans |last=Delgado |first=Felipe |date=3 July 2018 |website=Radio Bío-Bío |access-date=4 July 2018 |language=Spanish |trans-title=Criticism towards monument to Pedro Aguirre Cerda for use of Comic Sans typography}} Further reading{{Refbegin}}
External links{{commons category}}
Comic Sans Pro
4 : Typefaces and fonts introduced in 1994|Casual script typefaces|Microsoft typefaces|Typefaces designed by Vincent Connare |
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