| 词条 | Ailsa Mellon Bruce | ||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Ailsa Mellon Bruce | image = Alisa Mellon, 5-16-23 LOC npcc.08535 (cropped) (cropped).jpg | caption = Alisa Mellon in 1923 |birth_name=Ailsa Mellon | birth_date = {{Birth date|1901|06|28|df=yes}} | birth_place = Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|1969|08|25|1901|06|28|df=yes}} | death_place = New York City, New York, U.S. | residence = 960 Fifth Avenue | education = Miss Porter's School | known_for = Founder of the Avalon Foundation | parents = Andrew W. Mellon Nora McMullen | spouse = {{marriage|David K. E. Bruce |1926|1945|reason=div}} | children = Audrey Sheila Bruce }}Ailsa Mellon Bruce (June 28, 1901 – August 25, 1969)[1] was a prominent American socialite and philanthropist who established the Avalon Foundation.[1] Early lifeAilsa was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on June 28, 1901. She was the daughter of the banker and diplomat Andrew W. Mellon and Nora Mary (née McMullen) Mellon (1879–1937). Her parents divorced in 1912 and from 1921 to 1932, Ailsa served as her father's official hostess during his tenure as United States Secretary of the Treasury, and again when he was U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom in 1932–1933. Her only sibling was brother Paul Mellon (1907–1999), who was also a philanthropist and was known as a prominent owner/breeder of thoroughbred racehorses.[1] Ailsa attended Miss Porter's School in Farmington, Connecticut and spent her summers as a teenager in Europe.[1] Philanthropy and legacyBruce established the Avalon Foundation in 1940, which made grants to colleges and universities, medical schools and hospitals, youth programs and community services, churches, environmental projects, and an array of cultural and arts organizations. In 1947, the Avalon Foundation was instrumental in the establishment of the Hampton National Historic Site in Maryland.[2] In 1957, when Fortune prepared its first list of the wealthiest Americans, it estimated that Ailsa Mellon Bruce, her brother, Paul, and her cousins, Sarah Mellon and Richard King Mellon, were all among the richest eight people in the United States, with fortunes of between 400 and 700 million dollars each. In 1968, Ailsa and Paul donated $20 million to build an annex to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.[1][3] At her death in 1969, Ailsa Bruce bequeathed 153 paintings, primarily by 19th-century French artists, to the National Gallery of Art, as well as establishing a fund for future acquisitions. Among the many works acquired by the Gallery through the Ailsa Mellon Bruce Fund was the portrait of [https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.50724.html Ginevra de' Benci], the only painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the United States.[4] In 1969, the assets of Paul Mellon’s Old Dominion Foundation were merged into his sister's Avalon Foundation, which was renamed the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation in honor of their father.[5][6] Personal lifeShe dated Prince Otto Bismarck, the grandson of Otto von Bismarck, the "Iron Chancellor", and was close to marrying him, but decided to marry David Bruce, an American, instead.[1] On May 23, 1926, she was married to David Kirkpatrick Este Bruce (1898–1977), a scion of a prominent Virginia family including his father William Cabell Bruce, a U.S. Senator from Maryland, and brother James Cabell Bruce, the U.S. Ambassador to Argentina.[7] Their engagement, marriage (which was attended by President and Mrs. Coolidge)[13] and honeymoon were followed closely by the news media.[8][9][10][11] In 1933, after seven years of marriage, Ailsa gave birth to her only child;[12]
She obtained a divorce from her husband in Palm Beach, Florida in April 1945 on the grounds of "desertion and mental cruelty", receiving sole custody of their 11 year old daughter.[16] Following their divorce, her ex-husband would later become the United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1961 to 1969, the same position her father held.[17] After her divorce, Mrs. Bruce was in a long rumored relationship with G. Lauder Greenway of the Lauder Greenway Family.[18][19] In addition to their personal links, Greenway was a longtime trustee of Bruce's Avalon Foundation.[20] She died on August 25, 1969 at Roosevelt Hospital in New York City.[21] She had homes at 960 Fifth Avenue and a 121 acre estate in Syosset, New York on Long Island. Her obituary in The New York Times called her the "Richest Woman in U.S."[22] DescendantsWhen Audrey and her husband, Stephen Currier, died in a presumed plane crash in 1967, leaving three young children – Andrea Currier,[23] Lavinia Currier,[24] and Michael Stephen Currier (1961–1998),[25] she decided to bequeath her collection of 18th-century English furniture and ceramics to the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[26] GallerySee also
References1. ^{{cite news|last1=Russell|first1=John|title=Paul Mellon, Patrician Champion Of Art and National Gallery, Dies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/03/books/paul-mellon-patrician-champion-of-art-and-national-gallery-dies.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=3 February 1999}} 2. ^{{cite news|last1=Brown|first1=Nona B.|title=18th-Century Indulgence Becomes a 20th-Century Showplace|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/10/19/archives/18thcentury-indulgence-becomes-a-20thcentury-showplace.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=19 October 1969}} 3. ^{{cite news|last1=Robertson|first1=Nan|title=National Gallery Honors a Patron|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/09/01/archives/national-gallery-honors-a-patron.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=1 September 1969}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nga.gov/features/slideshows/founding-benefactors-of-the-national-gallery-of-art.html|title=Founding Benefactors of the National Gallery of Art|website=www.nga.gov|access-date=2018-03-16}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://mellon.org/about/history/founders/|title=Founders {{!}} The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation|website=mellon.org|language=en|access-date=2018-03-16}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Foundations Join to Become Mellon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/06/30/archives/foundations-join-to-become-mellon.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=30 June 1969}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=REPORT AILSA MELLON TO WED DAVID BRUCE; Secretary's Daughter Is Said to Be Engaged to Son of Maryland Senator.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/05/03/archives/report-ailsa-mellon-to-wed-david-bruce-secretarys-daughter-is-said.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=3 May 1926}} 8. ^{{cite news|title=MISS MELLON TO WED, FATHER ANNOUNCES; Secretary of Treasury's Daughter to Be Bride of D.K.E. Bruce, Senator's Son.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/05/04/archives/miss-mellon-to-wed-father-announces-secretary-of-treasurys-daughter.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=4 May 1926}} 9. ^1 {{cite news|title=PRESIDENT TO ATTEND MELLON BRIDAL TODAY 8,000 Invited to Wedding Reception of Secretary's Daughter and David Bruce.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/05/29/archives/president-to-attend-mellon-bridal-today-8000-invit-o-w-ing-recep.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=29 May 1926}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=MELLON'S DAUGHTER SAILS AS A BRIDE; The Bruces Depart for Rome, Where He Will Take Up Duties as Vice Consul.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/06/03/archives/mellons-daughter-sails-as-a-bride-the-bruces-depart-for-rome-where.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=3 June 1926}} 11. ^{{cite news|title=BRUCES ARRIVE IN ENGLAND.; Senator's Son and Bride Leave for Paris on Way to Live in Rome.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/06/11/archives/bruces-arrive-in-england-senators-son-and-bride-leave-for-paris-on.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=11 June 1926}} 12. ^Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life, Vintage Books, 2008. 13. ^{{cite news|title=STEPHEN CURRIERS MISSING ON FLIGHT; Caribbean Search Is On for New York Philanthropists Stephen Curriers Missing on a Flight|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/01/19/archives/stephen-curriers-missing-on-flight-caribbean-search-is-on-for-new.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=January 19, 1967}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=800 ATTEND RITES FOR THE CURRIERS; 2 Philanthropists Lost on Flight Eulogized Here|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/02/16/archives/800-attend-rites-for-the-curriers-2-philanthropists-lost-on-flight.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=16 February 1967}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=CURRIER FUND DUE TO PICK NEW HEAD; Taconic Unit Will Carry On With $20-Million Bequest|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/02/26/archives/currier-fund-due-to-pick-new-head-taconic-unit-will-carry-on-with.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=26 February 1967}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=AILSA BRUCE GETS DECREE; Daughter of Andrew Mellon Wins a Florida Divorce|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1945/04/21/archives/ailsa-bruce-gets-decree-daughter-of-andrew-mellon-wins-a-florida.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=21 April 1945}} 17. ^{{cite news |first= Marylynne|last= Pitz|authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Ailsa Mellon Bruce's artworks part of Carnegie collection |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09319/1013040-437.stm#ixzz0Z8KF5ZPx |quote=In 1926, the beautiful, reserved and stubborn young woman married David K. E. Bruce, a talented lawyer and the son of Maryland Sen. William C. Bruce. For wedding presents, A. W. Mellon gave his daughter a pearl necklace valued at $100,000 and a 200-acre estate in Syosset, Long Island. |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=November 15, 2009 |accessdate=2009-12-08 }} 18. ^{{cite news|author= |title=Top Ranking Yuletide Party|url= https://www.newspapers.com/image/132645910/?terms=%22lauder%2Bgreenway%22%2Bmellon%2Bbruce |location=Palm Beach Post|date=30 December 1947|access-date=28 December 2018}} 19. ^{{cite news|author=|title= Converge on Rome|url= https://www.newspapers.com/image/182093516/?terms=%22lauder%2Bgreenway%22%2Bmellon%2Bbruce|location=Philadelphia Enquirer|date= 17 July 1968 |access-date= 28 December 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://mellon.org/media/filer_public/17/5c/175c432a-254f-4035-9cb9-6a91dd866571/1969.pdf |title=Info |website=mellon.org |format=PDF}} 21. ^{{cite news|title=Died - BRUCE--Ailsa Mellon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/27/archives/obituary-1-no-title.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=27 August 1969}} 22. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|title=Mrs. Ailsa Mellon Bruce Dead;. Called Richest Woman in U. S|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/26/archives/mrs-ailsa-mellon-bruce-dead-called-richest-woman-in-u-s.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=26 August 1969}} 23. ^{{cite news|last1=Bruske|first1=Ed|title=The Brad Baker Murder: ‘As the World Turns’ in Fauquier County|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/the-brad-baker-murder-as-the-world-turns-in-fauquier-county/2013/01/15/6ec59630-5f3f-11e2-a389-ee565c81c565_story.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=Washington Post|date=12 January 1981}} 24. ^{{cite news|last1=Grove|first1=Lloyd|title=Child of Fortune, Take 2|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/features/currier.htm|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=Washington Post|date=July 8, 1998}} 25. ^{{cite news|last1=Pace|first1=Eric|title=Michael Currier, 37, Philanthropic Rancher Who Helped Tibetans|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/22/us/michael-currier-37-philanthropic-rancher-who-helped-tibetans.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=22 September 1998}} 26. ^{{cite news|title=Mrs. Ailsa Mellon Bruce Left Bulk of Her Estate to Charity|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/09/04/archives/mrs-ailsa-mellon-bruce-left-bulk-of-her-estate-to-charity.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=The New York Times|date=4 September 1969}} External links{{commons category|Ailsa Mellon Bruce}}
8 : American art collectors|Women art collectors|Mellon family|1901 births|1969 deaths|People from Pittsburgh|American people of Scotch-Irish descent|People from Suffolk County, New York |
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