“Hatton, London”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Hatton including Hatton Cross is a small settlement and locality in the London boroughs of Hillingdon and Hounslow, on the south-eastern edge of London Heathrow Airport and straddling the A30 road.

The area was for many decades a notorious place for highway robberies and its surviving old inn, The Green Man has a hiding-hole behind the chimney. A nearby road is named Dick Turpin Way accordingly. Aside from the heyday of such problems in the 17th and 18th century the area had attractive rural houses with gardens, one having been built by Edward III and visited by Richard II, another centuries later having been the home of Sir Frederick Pollock, 1st Baronet through to his grandson, first cousin of the first Viscount Hanworth resident at much larger Hanworth Park.

It remains technically a hamlet or neighbourhood of Bedfont from which it is separated by a field and local sports facilities. It is flanked to the north and north-west by major roads, depots, warehouses, hotels and parking areas associated with London Heathrow Airport which take up the north of the locality, leading to the consolidation of that area into Hillingdon since 1994. It is joined, south, by Bedfont and North Feltham and to the east by the River Crane, over which is Hounslow West. The settled part is the interior and one side of a triangle south of the dualled A30. Further south a line of houses continues which faces Hounslow Urban Farm and is then engulfed by naming into the North Feltham Trading Estate such as Feltham Ambulance Station beside the farm. The current naming has eaten into what was once squarely Hatton, just as Heathrow has from the opposite direction.{{refn|group=n|Parochially and historially North Feltham takes in only land south of Staines Road so all of the North Feltham Trading Estate, the supermarket, its petrol station, HM Immigration Tribunal and the ambulance station are in Hatton.}}

Etymology

Hatton's name comes from Anglo-Saxon Hǣþtūn = "heath farmstead"; until 1819 its cultivated area and small residential gardens were surrounded by heath.

Neighbours

It is bordered by North Feltham to the south, Bedfont to the west and south-west and Heathrow Airport to the north. The A30 road forms the borough boundary with Hillingdon since 1994. Before then the end of a north-east projection, which remains as does the rest of Hatton in the ecclesiastical parish of Bedfont,^[1] were kept with the rest of Hatton and its mother village, Bedfont, in Hounslow's Borough.^[2] North-west is Cranford. The south-east is technically Hatton but branded North Feltham (Trading Estate) as are all surrounding streets.

Effects of London Heathrow Airport

Hatton has a varied collection of industrial buildings providing ancillary services to Heathrow Airport. The east of Hatton is noisy due to aircraft frequently landing or taking off and at Myrtle Avenue has a well-cut green for spotting of aeroplanes.

Amenities

Two local meeting places are the pub-restaurant "The Green Man", owned by the Punch Taverns.^[3] Adjoining the Green Man is a field where horses, geese, cows and other livestock live: Hounslow Urban Farm^[4] (next to Hatton Cemetery), which states itself to be the largest "urban" farm in London. Apart from the remaining kernel of Hounslow Heath, the Borough is highly built up or in formal parks, having modest average garden size so the urban status to the farm is tangible relative to the lowest density London Borough: Bromley with many farms in the North Downs.

Hatton has a small café by the green on Faggs Road and a convenience store and newsagents within Hatton Cross station. Barclays Bank with car park is in the highly road-dominated area north of Hatton Cross. A petrol station with Subway food outlet is south-west of Hatton Cross and The Atrium, a large hotel facing a restricted-access lane on the south-side of Hatton Cross is under construction. In what was once squarely but is today the debatable south of Hatton a 24-hour Tesco supermarket and petrol station adjoining the urban farm. Hatton no longer has a place of worship; its Baptist Chapel/Anglican Mission Room was converted for office use in 2000.{{which|date=May 2018}} What little housing exists is mainly semi-detached or maisonettes built between the 1930s and the 1950s. Several older properties remain in Green Man Lane, including the old Manor house (now the headquarters of a car leasing company) and two other 18th century dwellings. The 17th century blacksmith's yard and buildings have been converted into a family home.

East of Hatton is a large lake, which used to be a sand and gravel quarry. It is over 500 metres long, but divided by a new road, The Causeway.

History

In 1086 Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Arundel, held 1½ hides in Hatton, which in the reign of King Edward the Confessor had been held by two sokemen, vassals of Albert of Lorraine. This land belonged to the earl's manor of Colham, in which it probably became merged. A second entry in the Domesday Survey relates to a still smaller estate in Hatton, which was held by Walter Fitz Other, and which had been held formerly by two vassals of Azor. It is probable that this land became merged in the Windsor Manor of East Bedfont, and was possibly granted to Hounslow Priory with the rest of that property. The priory certainly held land in Hatton in 1382, and in 1599 it was granted, as land formerly belonging to Hounslow, to Sir Michael Stanhope, and from that time descended with the manor of East Bedfont.

Edward III of England seems to have built a house at Hatton, which was known as Hatton Grange. Richard II held this of the priory of Hounslow at a yearly rent of 50s (£{{frac|2|1|2}}).

In 1911, the hamlet of Hatton lay in the level country to the east of Staines upon Thames 2 miles to the northeast of East Bedfont. Its street formed a convergence of byways radiating from the south toward the Staines Road from the other side towards the parallel Bath Road, and for this reason it is said to have been a favourite haunt (ground) of highwaymen. It was always buffered, east, by the gorse, dry grass, brambles and silver birches of Hounslow Heath, and both main roads were easily accessible from the old inn, The Green Man where the hiding-hole behind the chimney is evident.^[5]

Two fairs, held respectively about 7 May at Bedford and 14 June at Hatton, were abolished by the Home Secretary on the representation (petitioning) of the Justices of the Peace (local magistrates) in April 1881. It does not appear how long it had been the custom to hold them.^[5]

There was in 1911 a Baptist chapel in Hatton, and a licensed mission room of the Church of England.^[5]

Lost features

North of the Great South West Road (built 1900s)

In 2008, British Airways Flight 38 crash-landed in Hatton near a major road, its fuel-oil heat exchanger having developed ice, a problem since fixed by mandatory retrofitting of a new component to all of the model of engines involved in that flight.

As London Heathrow Airport has grown, its eastern estates including car parks and a hotel on the Bath Road occupy a large minority of Hatton's land — all of Hatton north of the A30 road (Great South-West Road). Other than Staines Road of Roman origin marking the south border, the local main street straight north-south to Harlington Corner (uniting the A4 road Bath Road with the Staines (Silchester & Lands End) Road). See A437. Features along were, from north to south:

These buildings were demolished in or before 1949. Hatton Road survives as a north end stump (Hatton Road North), visible surface tarmac and wide cropmark on grass east of the end of the north runway, unnamed alignments among service area buildings, the south part of the airport internal road Eastchurch Road, and a south end stump.

South of the Great South West Road

Economy

Transport

The nearest London Underground station is Hatton Cross. The area is served by a number of London Buses routes, connecting Hatton to the airport, Hounslow, Northolt, Southall, Richmond and Staines.^[11]

Free parking is possible in Hatton Lane, but the roads around Hatton are either red routes (stopping not allowed), double yellow lines, or residents' parking (Monday - Friday 8:30 - 5:30). A few credit card paid parking spaces are available near the Green Man public house. The Green Man has its own parking spaces, but long term parking is not encouraged.

Until the 1840s laying of major railways stagecoaches increasingly crossed the area or used the diverging road two miles north (i.e. between London and all places in directions ranging from due west (e.g. Bristol) to (WSW) (e.g. Dorset, Devon and Cornwall)).

The area has a depot of Ashford Luxury Coaches, whose "Windsorian" branded coaches are used to transport members of the British Royal Family.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}

References

1. ^[https://www.achurchnearyou.com/church/15509/ Ecclesiastical Parish of East Bedfont or Bedfont] The Church of England. Accessed 17 May 2017
2. ^Office of Public Sector Information - Heathrow Airport (County and London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993
3. ^Beer in the Evening - The Green Man
4. ^Hounslow London Borough Council - Hounslow Urban Farm
5. ^¹²'Spelthorne Hundred: East Bedfont with Hatton', in A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 2 ed. William Page (London, 1911), pp. 309-314. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol2/pp309-314 [accessed 17 May 2018].
6. ^¹page 52, Sherwood, Philip. (2009) Heathrow: 2000 Years of History. Stroud: The History Press {{ISBN|978-0-7509-5086-2}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.french4tots.co.uk/kingdon-ward/fkw-timeline.html |title=Frank Kingdon-Ward timeline of events in his life |publisher=French4tots.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-11-07}}
8. ^Old 1:2500 scale Ordnance Survey maps, reproduced at about 15 inches = 1 mile, publ. Alan Godfrey Maps:-* Heathrow, 1934, Middlesex sheet 19.08, {{ISBN|978-1-84784-112-4}}* Hatton, 1935, Middlesex sheet 20.05, {{ISBN|978-1-84784-279-4}}
9. ^"[https://web.archive.org/web/20120227181016/http://www.airfrance.co.uk/GB/en/local/toutsurairfrance/actualites/pr_inauguration_afkl.htm AIR FRANCE and KLM celebrate official inauguration of new office in London.]" Air France. 6 July 2006. Retrieved on 13 February 2010.
10. ^"Career Opportunities." Air France UK and Ireland. Retrieved on 13 February 2010.
11. ^Transport for London - Buses from Hatton Cross