| 词条 | Carangidae |
| 释义 |
| name = Carangidae | image = Gfp-crevalle-jack.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = Crevalle jack, Caranx hippos | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Actinopterygii | ordo = Perciformes | familia = Carangidae | familia_authority = Rafinesque, 1815 | subdivision_ranks = Genera[1] | subdivision =Alectis Alepes Atropus Atule Campogramma Carangoides Caranx Chloroscombrus Decapterus Elagatis Gnathanodon Hemicaranx Lichia Megalaspis Naucrates Oligoplites Pantolabus Parastromateus Parona Pseudocaranx Scomberoides Selar Selaroides Selene Seriola Seriolina Trachinotus Trachurus Ulua Uraspis }} The Carangidae are a family of fish which includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, runners, and scads. They are marine fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most species are fast-swimming predatory fishes that hunt in the waters above reefs and in the open sea; some dig in the sea floor for invertebrates. The largest fish in the family, the greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili, grows up to 2 m in length; most fish in the family reach a maximum length of 25–100 cm. The family contains many important commercial and game fish, notably the Pacific jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus, and the other jack mackerels in the genus Trachurus. Many genera have fairly extensive fossil records, particularly Caranx and Seriola, which extend into the early Paleogene (late Thanetian), and are known from whole and incomplete specimens, skeletal fragments, and otoliths. The several extinct genera include Archaeus, Pseudovomer, and Eastmanalepes. Timeline of generaImageSize = width:850px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px Period = from:-65.5 till:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196) id:HER value:teal id:HAD value:green id:OMN value:blue id:black value:black id:white value:white id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258) id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32) id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37) id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42) id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48) id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1) id:miocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0) id:pliocene value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68) id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5) id:pleistocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68) id:holocene value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88) BarData= bar:eratop bar:space bar:periodtop bar:space bar:NAM1 bar:NAM2 bar:NAM3 bar:NAM4 bar:NAM5 bar:NAM6 bar:NAM7 bar:NAM8 bar:NAM9 bar:NAM10 bar:space bar:period bar:space bar:era PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(7,-4) bar:periodtop from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio. from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist. from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H. bar:eratop from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q. PlotData= color:eocene bar:NAM1 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Apolectus color:eocene bar:NAM2 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Caranx color:eocene bar:NAM3 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Seriola color:oligocene bar:NAM4 from: -33.9 till: 0 text: Hypacanthus color:oligocene bar:NAM5 from: -33.9 till: 0 text: Oligoplites color:miocene bar:NAM6 from: -23.03 till: 0 text: Alectis color:miocene bar:NAM7 from: -23.03 till: 0 text: Alepes color:miocene bar:NAM8 from: -23.03 till: 0 text: Decapterus color:miocene bar:NAM9 from: -15.97 till: 0 text: Scomberoides color:miocene bar:NAM10 from: -15.97 till: 0 text: Selar PlotData= bar:period from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio. from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist. from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H. bar:era from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q. References1. ^{{FishBase family | family = Carangidae| month = February | year = 2013}} {{commons category|Carangidae}}{{Wikispecies|Carangidae}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q501728}} 3 : Carangidae|Marine fish families|Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque |
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