“ISO 3166-1 numeric”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

An advantage of numeric codes over alphabetic codes is script (writing system) independence.^[2] The ISO 3166-1 alphabetic codes (alpha-2 and alpha-3) use letters from the 26-letter English alphabet and are suitable for languages based on the Latin alphabet. For people and systems using non-Latin scripts (such as Arabic or Japanese), the English alphabet may be unavailable or difficult to use, understand, or correctly interpret. While numeric codes overcome the problems of script dependence, this independence comes at the cost of loss of mnemonic convenience.

Another advantage is that when countries merge or split, they will get a new numeric code, while the alphabetic code stays in use for (a part of) that country. A persistent number is needed in datasets with historical country information.

Current codes

The following is a complete list of the current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 numeric codes,^[3] using a title case version of the English short names officially used by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA):

Code

Country name

004}}

Afghanistan

008}}

Albania

010}}

Antarctica

012}}

Algeria

016}}

American Samoa

020}}

Andorra

024}}

Angola

028}}

Antigua and Barbuda

031}}

Azerbaijan

032}}

Argentina

036}}

Australia

040}}

Austria

044}}

Bahamas

048}}

Bahrain

050}}

Bangladesh

051}}

Armenia

052}}

Barbados

056}}

Belgium

060}}

Bermuda

064}}

Bhutan

068}}

Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

070}}

Bosnia and Herzegovina

072}}

Botswana

074}}

Bouvet Island

076}}

Brazil

084}}

Belize

086}}

British Indian Ocean Territory

090}}

Solomon Islands

092}}

Virgin Islands (British)

096}}

Brunei Darussalam

100}}

Bulgaria

104}}

Myanmar

108}}

Burundi

112}}

Belarus

116}}

Cambodia

120}}

Cameroon

124}}

Canada

132}}

Cabo Verde

136}}

Cayman Islands

140}}

Central African Republic

144}}

Sri Lanka

148}}

Chad

152}}

Chile

156}}

China

158}}

Taiwan, Province of China

162}}

Christmas Island

166}}

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

170}}

Colombia

174}}

Comoros

175}}

Mayotte

178}}

Congo

180}}

Congo, Democratic Republic of the

184}}

Cook Islands

188}}

Costa Rica

191}}

Croatia

192}}

Cuba

196}}

Cyprus

203}}

Czechia

204}}

Benin

208}}

Denmark

212}}

Dominica

214}}

Dominican Republic

218}}

Ecuador

222}}

El Salvador

226}}

Equatorial Guinea

231}}

Ethiopia

232}}

Eritrea

233}}

Estonia

234}}

Faroe Islands

238}}

Falkland Islands (Malvinas)

239}}

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

242}}

Fiji

246}}

Finland

248}}

Aland Islands|Åland Islands}}

250}}

France

254}}

French Guiana

258}}

French Polynesia

260}}

French Southern Territories

262}}

Djibouti

266}}

Gabon

268}}

Georgia

270}}

Gambia

275}}

Palestine, State of

276}}

Germany

288}}

Ghana

292}}

Gibraltar

296}}

Kiribati

300}}

Greece

304}}

Greenland

308}}

Grenada

312}}

Guadeloupe

316}}

Guam

320}}

Guatemala

324}}

Guinea

328}}

Guyana

332}}

Haiti

334}}

Heard Island and McDonald Islands

336}}

Holy See

340}}

Honduras

344}}

Hong Kong

348}}

Hungary

352}}

Iceland

356}}

India

360}}

Indonesia

364}}

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

368}}

Iraq

372}}

Ireland

376}}

Israel

380}}

Italy

384}}

Cote d'Ivoire|Côte d'Ivoire}}

388}}

Jamaica

392}}

Japan

398}}

Kazakhstan

400}}

Jordan

404}}

Kenya

408}}

Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)

410}}

Korea, Republic of

414}}

Kuwait

417}}

Kyrgyzstan

418}}

Lao People's Democratic Republic

422}}

Lebanon

426}}

Lesotho

428}}

Latvia

430}}

Liberia

434}}

Libya

438}}

Liechtenstein

440}}

Lithuania

442}}

Luxembourg

446}}

Macao

450}}

Madagascar

454}}

Malawi

458}}

Malaysia

462}}

Maldives

466}}

Mali

470}}

Malta

474}}

Martinique

478}}

Mauritania

480}}

Mauritius

484}}

Mexico

492}}

Monaco

496}}

Mongolia

498}}

Moldova, Republic of

499}}

Montenegro

500}}

Montserrat

504}}

Morocco

508}}

Mozambique

512}}

Oman

516}}

Namibia

520}}

Nauru

524}}

Nepal

528}}

Netherlands

531}}

Curaçao

533}}

Aruba

534}}

Sint Maarten (Dutch part)

535}}

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba

540}}

New Caledonia

548}}

Vanuatu

554}}

New Zealand

558}}

Nicaragua

562}}

Niger

566}}

Nigeria

570}}

Niue

574}}

Norfolk Island

578}}

Norway

580}}

Northern Mariana Islands

581}}

United States Minor Outlying Islands

583}}

Micronesia (Federated States of)

584}}

Marshall Islands

585}}

Palau

586}}

Pakistan

591}}

Panama

598}}

Papua New Guinea

600}}

Paraguay

604}}

Peru

608}}

Philippines

612}}

Pitcairn

616}}

Poland

620}}

Portugal

624}}

Guinea-Bissau

626}}

Timor-Leste

630}}

Puerto Rico

634}}

Qatar

638}}

Reunion|Réunion}}

642}}

Romania

643}}

Russian Federation

646}}

Rwanda

652}}

Saint Barthélemy

654}}

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

659}}

Saint Kitts and Nevis

660}}

Anguilla

662}}

Saint Lucia

663}}

Saint Martin (French part)

666}}

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

670}}

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

674}}

San Marino

678}}

Sao Tome and Principe|hide=y}}

682}}

Saudi Arabia

686}}

Senegal

688}}

Serbia

690}}

Seychelles

694}}

Sierra Leone

702}}

Singapore

703}}

Slovakia

704}}

Viet Nam

705}}

Slovenia

706}}

Somalia

710}}

South Africa

716}}

Zimbabwe

724}}

Spain

728}}

South Sudan

729}}

Sudan

732}}

Western Sahara

740}}

Suriname

744}}

Svalbard and Jan Mayen

748}}

Eswatini

752}}

Sweden

756}}

Switzerland

760}}

Syrian Arab Republic

762}}

Tajikistan

764}}

Thailand

768}}

Togo

772}}

Tokelau

776}}

Tonga

780}}

Trinidad and Tobago

784}}

United Arab Emirates

788}}

Tunisia

792}}

Turkey

795}}

Turkmenistan

796}}

Turks and Caicos Islands

798}}

Tuvalu

800}}

Uganda

804}}

Ukraine

807}}

North Macedonia

818}}

Egypt

826}}

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

831}}

Guernsey

832}}

Jersey

833}}

Isle of Man

834}}

Tanzania, United Republic of

840}}

United States of America

850}}

Virgin Islands (U.S.)

854}}

Burkina Faso

858}}

Uruguay

860}}

Uzbekistan

862}}

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

876}}

Wallis and Futuna

882}}

Samoa

887}}

Yemen

894}}

Zambia

User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries, territories, or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1, and the ISO 3166/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard. The numeric codes {{mono|900}} to {{mono|999}} can be user-assigned.^[4]

Withdrawn codes

When countries merge, split, or undergo territorial change, their numeric codes are withdrawn and new numeric codes are assigned. For example:

If a country changes its name without any territorial change, its numeric code remains the same. For example, when Burma was renamed Myanmar without territorial change in 1989, its alphabetic codes were changed, but its numeric code {{mono|104}} has remained the same.

Code

Country name

Notes

128}}

Canton and Enderbury Islands

200}}

Czechoslovakia

216}}

Dronning Maud Land

230}}

Ethiopia

before Eritrea split away in 1993

249}}

France, Metropolitan

278}}

German Democratic Republic

i.e., East Germany

280}}

Germany, Federal Republic of

i.e., West Germany

396}}

Johnston Island

488}}

Midway Islands

530}}

Netherlands Antilles

after Aruba split away in 1986

532}}

Netherlands Antilles

before Aruba split away in 1986

536}}

Neutral Zone

582}}

Pacific Islands (Trust Territory)

590}}

Panama

before adding Panama Canal Zone in 1979

658}}

Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla

720}}

Yemen, Democratic

i.e., South Yemen

736}}

Sudan

before South Sudan split away in 2011

810}}

USSR

849}}

United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands

872}}

Wake Island

886}}

Yemen Arab Republic

i.e., North Yemen

890}}

Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of

891}}

Serbia and Montenegro

original name: Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of

The following numeric codes were also assigned by the United Nations Statistics Division, but these territories were never officially included in ISO 3166-1:^[1]

Code

Territory name

274}}

Gaza Strip (Palestine)

282}}

German Democratic Republic, Berlin

284}}

Germany, West Berlin

650}}

Ryukyu Islands

728}}

Spanish North Africa (note: this code is now used by South Sudan)

830}}

Channel Islands

In the UN M.49 standard developed by the United Nations Statistics Division, additional numeric codes are used to represent geographical regions and groupings of countries and areas for statistical processing purposes, but these codes are not included in ISO 3166-1. Unlike alphabetic codes, there are no reserved numeric codes in ISO 3166-1.

References

1. ^¹{{cite web| url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/publications/pdfs-online/epi/sp95/sp95-app1.pdf| title=Appendix 1. United Nations Standard Country Codes| work=Cancer Registration: Principles and Methods, IARC Scientific Publication No. 95| pages=208–211| date=1991| publisher=International Agency for Research on Cancer}}
2. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166-faqs/iso_3166_faqs_general.htm| title=ISO 3166 – FAQs – General questions| publisher=International Organization for Standardization (ISO)}}
3. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/| title=Country names and code elements| publisher=ISO}}
4. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.iso.org/glossary-for-iso-3166.html| title=Glossary for ISO 3166 - Codes for countries and their subdivisions| publisher=ISO}}
5. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.davros.org/misc/iso3166.html#disused| title=Country codes in ISO 3166 (Table 2: codes withdrawn from use)| author=Clive Feather| date=2003-07-25}}

Sources and external links

[https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency], International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use, United Nations Statistics Division

Countries or areas, codes and abbreviations — list of alpha-3 and numeric codes (a few territories officially assigned codes in ISO 3166-1 are not included in this list)
Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings
Country or area numerical codes added or changed since 1982

The World Factbook (public domain), Central Intelligence Agency

[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-d.html Appendix D – Cross-Reference List of Country Data Codes] — comparison of FIPS 10, ISO 3166, and STANAG 1059 country codes

Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids"), Statoids.com

Country codes — comparison of ISO 3166-1 country codes with other country codes
ISO 3166-1 Change History

3 : ISO 3166|Country codes|Location codes